Factory Stairways Ladders And Handrails Handbook For The Recently Deceased

Running time 92 minutes Country United States Language English Budget US$15 million Box office US$73.7 million Beetlejuice is a 1988 American - film directed by, produced by and distributed by The plot revolves around a recently deceased young couple ( and ) who become ghosts haunting their former home, and an obnoxious, devious ghost named Betelgeuse (pronounced 'Beetlejuice', portrayed by ) from the Netherworld who tries to scare away the new inhabitants (,, and ) permanently. After the success of, Burton was sent several scripts and became disheartened by their lack of imagination and originality.

When he was sent 's original script for Beetlejuice, Burton agreed to direct, although and later were hired to rewrite it. Beetlejuice was a critical and commercial success, grossing US$73.7 million from a budget of US$15 million. It won the and three:, and for, her final award before her death in 1999.

The film spawned that Burton produced and a planned unproduced sequel, Beetlejuice Goes Hawaiian. In 2012, new development on a sequel was announced. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Plot [ ] Barbara and Adam Maitland decide to spend their vacation decorating their idyllic country home. As the two are driving home from a trip to town, Barbara swerves to avoid a dog and the car plunges into a river.

After they return home, Adam decides to retrace their steps as they can't recall how they got home. Upon stepping outside he's taken to a desert world with monstrous sandworms before being pulled back in by Barbara. Even though he had been gone for less than a minute Barbara claims he had been gone for over an hour. She and Adam notice that they now lack reflections and they discover a Handbook for the Recently Deceased and realize they did not survive the crash. The house is sold and the new owners, the Deetz family, arrive from. Charles Deetz is a former real estate developer; his wife Delia, a sculptor; and his daughter Lydia, from his first marriage, is an aspiring photographer.

Stairways, ramps, or ladders must be provided at all points where a break in elevation of 18 in. Or more occurs in a frequently. Stairways must be installed in buildings that have two or more stories or are 24 ft. Or more in height. Serious injury or death. A report must be made immediately by telephone. Find and save ideas about Retractable ladder on Pinterest. See more ideas about Ladder to loft, Attic conversion roof type and Loft conversion to roof terrace.

Under the guidance of Otho, Delia begins to transform the house into a posh modern art piece. Consulting the Handbook, the Maitlands travel to a netherworld waiting room populated by other distressed souls, where they discover that the afterlife is structured according to a complex bureaucracy involving vouchers and the usual overworked. The Maitlands' own caseworker, Juno, informs them that they must remain in the house for 125 years. If they want the Deetzes out of the house, it is up to them to scare them away. Barbara's and Adam's attempts at scaring the family prove counterproductive, despite their ability to shape-shift into monsters. While away seeing Juno, Lydia discovers the handbook and reads it. Although Adam and Barbara remain invisible to Charles and Delia, Lydia can see the ghost couple and befriends them.

Against Juno's advice, the Maitlands contact the miscreant Betelgeuse, Juno's former assistant and now freelance 'bio-' ghost, to scare away the Deetzes. At first, they are unaware that 'Betelgeuse' is pronounced 'Beetlejuice', which is why they have such difficulty pronouncing his name and thereby summoning him. However, Betelgeuse quickly offends the Maitlands with his crude and morbid demeanor; and they reconsider hiring him, though too late to stop him from wreaking havoc on the Deetzes. The small town's charm and the supernatural events inspire Charles to pitch his boss Maxie Dean on transforming the town into a tourist hot spot, but Maxie wants proof of the ghosts.

Using the Handbook for the Recently Deceased, Otho conducts what he thinks is a and summons Adam and Barbara, but they begin to decay and die, as Otho had unwittingly performed an instead. Horrified, Lydia begrudgingly summons Betelgeuse for help; but he agrees to help her only on the condition that she marry him, enabling him to freely cause chaos in the mortal world.

Betelgeuse saves the Maitlands and disposes of Maxie, his wife, and Otho, then prepares a wedding before a ghastly. The Maitlands intervene before the ceremony is completed, with Barbara riding a sandworm through the house to devour Betelgeuse. Finally, the Deetzes and Maitlands agree to live in harmony within the house. Betelgeuse is stuck in the afterlife waiting room; there he attempts to cut in front of a, who in retaliation.

Being Betelgeuse, however, he remains upbeat: 'This could be a good look for me'. Meanwhile, Adam, Barbara, and Lydia are seen in a remodeled part of the house dancing to 's ' (with Lydia floating in the air) to celebrate Lydia getting an 'A' on her math test at school.

• as Betelgeuse (pronounced 'Beetlejuice') • as Adam Maitland • as Barbara Maitland • as Lydia Deetz • as Delia Deetz • as Charles Deetz • Annie McEnroe as Jane Butterfield • as Otho • as Juno • as Maxie Dean • as Sarah Dean • as Bernard • as Grace • as Beryl, the Asian dinner guest • Simmy Bow as Janitor • as Messenger • as Receptionist • as Preacher • as the voice of the Preacher Production [ ] The financial success of Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985) meant that Burton was considered a ' director, and he began working on a script for with. While Warner Bros. Was willing to pay for the script's development, they were less willing to Batman. Meanwhile, Burton had begun reading the scripts that had been sent his way, and was disheartened by their lack of imagination and originality, one of them being. Handed Burton the script for Beetlejuice, written by McDowell (who wrote the script for 'The Jar', an episode of directed by Burton).

Wilson was brought on board to continue rewriting work with McDowell, though Burton replaced McDowell and Wilson with Skaaren due to creative differences. Burton's original choice for Betelgeuse was, but Geffen suggested Keaton. Burton was unfamiliar with Keaton's work, but was quickly convinced.

Burton cast Ryder upon seeing her in. O'Hara quickly signed on, while Burton claimed it took a lot of time to convince other cast members to sign, as 'they didn't know what to think of the weird script.'

Beetlejuice 's budget was US$15 million, with just US$1 million given over to visual effects work. Considering the scale and scope of the effects, which included, replacement animation, prosthetic makeup, puppetry and, it was always Burton's intention to make the style similar to the he grew up with as a child.

'I wanted to make them look cheap and purposely fake-looking', Burton remarked. Burton had wanted to hire as production designer after being impressed with his work on (1984) and (1987), though Furst was committed on, a choice he later regretted. He hired, his future collaborator on (1990) and (1992). The were met with positive feedback and prompted Burton to film an epilogue featuring Betelgeuse foolishly angering a witch doctor. Disliked the title Beetlejuice and wanted to call the film House Ghosts. As a joke, Burton suggested the name Scared Sheetless and was horrified when the studio actually considered using it. Exterior shots were filmed in.

Story development [ ] McDowell's original script is far less comedic and much darker; the Maitlands' car crash is depicted graphically, with Barbara's arm being crushed and the couple screaming for help as they slowly drown in the river. A reference to this remained in all versions of the script, [ ] as Barbara remarks that her arm feels cold upon returning home as a ghost. Instead of possessing the Deetzes and forcing them to dance during dinner, the Maitlands cause a vine-patterned carpet to come to life and attack the Deetzes by tangling them to their chairs. The character of Betelgeuse—envisioned by McDowell as a winged demon, who takes on the form of a short Middle Eastern man, is also intent on killing the Deetzes rather than scaring them, and wanted to rape Lydia rather than marry her. In this version of the script, Betelgeuse only needs to be exhumed from his grave to be summoned, after which he is free to wreak havoc; he cannot be summoned or controlled by saying his name three times, and wanders the world freely, appearing to torment different characters in different manifestations.

McDowell's script also featured a second Deetz child, nine-year-old Cathy, the only person able to see the Maitlands and the subject of Betelgeuse's homicidal wrath in the film's climax, during which he mutilates her while in the form of a rabid squirrel before revealing his true form. In another version of the script, the film was to have concluded with the Maitlands, Deetzes, and Otho conducting an exorcism ritual that destroys Betelgeuse, and the Maitlands transforming into miniature versions of themselves and moving into Adam's model of their home, which they refurbish to look like their house before the Deetzes moved in. Co-author and producer Larry Wilson has talked about the negative reaction to McDowell's original script at where he was employed at the time: “ I won't name names here, but I worked at Universal Studios at the time. I was director of development for the director.

I had a very good relationship with a very prominent executive at Universal. He liked me, and he liked what I was doing with Walter, and the material I was bringing in. I gave him Beetlejuice to read, and I gave it to him on a Friday, and on Monday his assistant called me and said well, he wants to meet with you. My initial reaction was wow! He'd read it.

He must have loved it or he wouldn't have wanted to see me so soon. But I went into his office, and he literally said 'what are you doing with your career?' 'This piece of weirdness, this is what you're going to go out into the world with? You're developing into a very good executive. You've got great taste in material. Why are you going to squander all that for this piece of shit', was basically what he was saying.

It goes to show, right? Shortly after that, we sold it to the Geffen Company [] ” Skaaren's rewrite drastically shifted the film's tone, indicating the graphic nature of the Maitlands' deaths while depicting the afterlife as a complex bureaucracy. Skaaren's rewrite also altered McDowell's depiction of the limbo that keeps Barbara and Adam trapped inside of their home; in McDowell's script, it takes the form of a massive, empty void filled with giant clock gears that shred the fabric of time and space as they move. Skaaren had Barbara and Adam encounter different limbos every time they leave their home, including the 'clock world', and the Sandworm's world, identified as Saturn's moon Titan. Skaaren also introduced the of music accompanying Barbara and Adam's ghostly hijinks, although his script specified tunes instead of, and was to have concluded with Lydia dancing to '.' Skaaren's first draft retained some of the more sinister characteristics of McDowell's Betelgeuse, but toned down the character to make him a troublesome pervert rather than blatantly murderous.

Betelgeuse's true form was that of the Middle Eastern man, and much of his dialogue was written in. This version concluded with the Deetzes returning to New York and leaving Lydia in the care of the Maitlands, who, with Lydia's help, transform the exterior of their home into a stereotypical haunted house while returning the interior to its previous state. It also would have featured deleted scenes such as the real-estate agent, Jane, trying to convince the Deetzes to allow her to sell the house for them (having sold it to them in the first place—Charles and Delia decline), and a reveal on how Beetlejuice had died centuries earlier (that he'd attempted to hang himself while drunk, only to mess it up and died slowly choking to death, rather than quickly by snapping his neck) and wound-up working for Juno before striking it out on his own as a ' Bio-'. Retrospectively, McDowell was impressed at how many people made the connection between the film's title and the star. He added that the writers and producers had received a suggestion the sequel be named Sanduleak-69 202 after the former star of.

Soundtrack [ ] Original Motion Picture Soundtrack: Beetlejuice by and Released 1988 Soundtrack Length 36: 00 Geffen Studios chronology (1985) 1985 Beetlejuice (1988) (1989) 1989 Professional ratings Review scores Source Rating The Beetlejuice soundtrack, first released in 1988 on LP, CD, and cassette tape, features most of the score (written and arranged by ) from the film. The soundtrack features two original recordings performed by used in the film: ' and '.' Two other vintage Belafonte recordings that appeared in the film are absent from the soundtrack: 'Man Smart, Woman Smarter' and 'Sweetheart from Venezuela'. The soundtrack entered the Billboard 200 albums chart the week ending June 25, 1988, at #145, peaking two weeks later at #118 and spending a total of six weeks on the chart. This was after the film had already fallen out of the top 10 and before the video release later in October. 'Day-O' received a fair amount of airplay at the time in support of the soundtrack.

The complete score (with the Belafonte tracks included) was released in both the DVD and the Blu-ray as an isolated music track in the audio settings menu; this version of the audio track consists entirely of 'clean' musical cues, uninterrupted by dialogue or sound effects. Reception [ ] Beetlejuice opened theatrically in the United States on March 30, 1988, earning US$8,030,897 in its opening weekend. The film eventually grossed US$73,707,461 in North America.

Beetlejuice was a financial success, recouping its US$15 million budget, and was the 10th-highest grossing film of 1988. Based on 42 reviews collected by, Beetlejuice received an average 81% overall approval rating. For comparison, received an average score of 67 from the 13 reviews collected. Referred to the film as a 'comedy classic', while of gave a highly positive review.

Rosenbaum felt Beetlejuice carried originality and creativity that did not exist in other films. Of called it 'a farce for our time' and wished Keaton could have received more screen time. Was impressed with the casting, production design and jokes. Of the felt Beetlejuice had 'the perfect balance of bizarreness, comedy and horror'.

Of The New York Times gave the film a negative review, stating that the film 'tries anything and everything for effect, and only occasionally manages something marginally funny' and 'is about as funny as a shrunken head'. Gave the film two out of four stars, writing that he 'would have been more interested if the screenplay had preserved their [Alec Baldwin and Geena Davis] sweet romanticism and cut back on the slapstick'. For Keaton's character, Ebert called him 'unrecognizable behind pounds of makeup' and stated that 'his scenes don't seem to fit with the other action'. Accolades [ ] At the, Beetlejuice won the for, (, and. Mera Jeevan Kora Kagaz Instrumental Mp3 Free Download. ) while the nominated the film with and at the. Beetlejuice won Best Horror Film and Best Make-up at the 1988 Saturn Awards. Sidney also won the Saturn for Best Supporting Actress for her performance as Juno, and the film received five other nominations: for Burton, for McDowell and Skaaren, for Keaton, for Elfman and.

Beetlejuice was nominated for the. Beetlejuice was 88th in the 's list of. In 2000, the placed the film on its list, where it was ranked #88.

In other media [ ] Animated series [ ]. Main article: Beetlejuice: Horrific Hijinx from the Neitherworld! Is a created by and published by for the. It is based on the animated series. A Beetlejuice themed fun pack for the video game was released on September 12, 2017.

The pack includes a Beetlejuice minifigure and constructable Saturn's Sandworm, and adds a Beetlejuice-themed open-world area and battle arena to the game. Beetlejuice also features prominently in an episode of included as part of the game.

Theme park attractions [ ] Beetlejuice has had several theme park shows at, and. Ran at the Hollywood park from 1992 until 1999 while the Florida park ran the show from May 1992 until January 2016. The character of Betelgeuse was also in the now defunct 'Extreme Ghostbusters: The Great Fright Way!' He was also a featured part of in the early days of the Orlando park. Stage musical [ ] In 2016 a stage musical adaptation of the film was reported to be in the works, directed by and produced by, following a reading starring. In March 2017 it was reported that Australian musical comedian would be writing the music and lyrics and Scott Brown and would be writing the book of the musical, and that another reading would take place in May, featuring Kris Kukul as musical director. Sequel [ ] In 1990, Burton hired to write a sequel titled Beetlejuice Goes Hawaiian.

'Tim thought it would be funny to match the surfing backdrop of a beach movie with some sort of, because they're totally wrong together,' Gems said. The story followed the Deetz family moving to Hawaii, where Charles is developing a resort. They soon discover that his company is building on the burial ground of an ancient Hawaiian. The spirit comes back from the afterlife to cause trouble, and Betelgeuse becomes a hero by winning a surf contest with magic.

Keaton and Ryder agreed to do the film, on the condition that Burton directed, but both he and Keaton became distracted with. Burton was still interested in Beetlejuice Goes Hawaiian in early 1991. Impressed with ' work on, Burton approached him for a rewrite. However, he eventually signed Waters to write the script for Batman Returns. By August 1993, producer hired (, ) to rewrite. Approached in 1996 to rewrite the script, though Smith turned down the offer in favor of.

Smith later joked that his response was 'Didn't we say all we needed to say in the first Beetlejuice? Must we go tropical?' In March 1997, Gems released a statement saying 'The Beetlejuice Goes Hawaiian script is still owned by The Geffen Film Company and it will likely never get made. You really couldn't do it now anyway.

Winona is too old for the role, and the only way they could make it would be to totally recast it.' 'I don’t wanna be the guy that destroys the legacy and the memory of the first film; I would rather die. I would rather just not make it, I’d rather just throw the whole thing away than make something that pays no respect and doesn’t live up even close to the legacy of the first film.' — Writer Seth Grahame-Smith In September 2011, Warner Bros. Hired, who collaborated with Burton on and, to write and produce a sequel to Beetlejuice. Grahame-Smith signed on with the intention of doing 'a story that is worthy of us actually doing this for real, something that is not just about cashing in, is not just about forcing a remake or a reboot down someone's throat.' He was also adamant that Keaton would return and that Warner Bros.

Would not recast the role. Burton and Keaton have not officially signed on but will return if the script is good enough. Grahame-Smith met with Keaton in February 2012, 'We talked for a couple of hours and talked about big picture stuff. It's a priority for Warner Bros.

It's a priority for Tim. [Michael's] been wanting to do it for 20 years and he'll talk to anybody about it who will listen.'

The story will be set in a real time frame from 1988; 'This will be a true 26 or 27 years later sequel. What's great is that for Beetlejuice [ ], time means nothing in the afterlife, but the world outside is a different story.' In November 2013, Ryder hinted at a possible return for the sequel as well by saying, 'I'm kind of sworn to secrecy but it sounds like it might be happening. It's 27 years later.

And I have to say, I love Lydia Deetz so much. She was such a huge part of me. I would be really interested in what she is doing 27 years later.' Ryder confirmed that she would only consider making a sequel if Burton and Keaton were involved. In December 2014, Burton stated, 'It's a character that I love and I miss actually working with Michael. There's only one Betelgeuse. We're working on a script and I think it's probably closer than ever and I'd love to work with him again.'

In January 2015, writer Grahame-Smith told that the script was finished and that he and Burton intended to start filming Beetlejuice 2 by the end of the year, and that both Keaton and Ryder would return in their respective roles. In August 2015, on, Ryder confirmed she would be reprising her role in the sequel. In May 2016, Burton stated, 'It's something that I really would like to do in the right circumstances, but it's one of those films where it has to be right. It's not a kind of a movie that cries out [for a sequel], it's not the Beetlejuice trilogy. So it's something that if the elements are right—because I do love the character and Michael's amazing as that character, so yeah we'll see.

But there's nothing concrete yet.' See also [ ] • References [ ]. Retrieved 2008-04-03.

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External links [ ] Wikiquote has quotations related to: Wikimedia Commons has media related to. • • on • at • at • at • at • •.

InspectAPedia tolerates no conflicts of interest. We have no relationship with advertisers, products, or services discussed at this website. Building stair stringers: Codes & strength requirements for stair support systems; how to build safe stair stringers that don't sag, squeak, collapse, or lose their treads. This article describes the construction and building code specifications for the support of residential stairways: how strong should the stringers be, and what are the load bearing requirements of stairs and their supporting stringer beams.

Stair Stringer Codes & Specifications: required strength for stair supports Stair Tread Support Choices & Relation to Stair Stringer Notching • Stair treads can be placed directly on top of the horizontal surface of cutouts in the notched stair stringer. This approach is very secure provided that the stringer depth is great enough and the cutout depth shallow enough that the remaining stringer material is strong enough to carry the weight of the stairway and its users (1-? Arrow in sketch at left). [Click to enlarge any image] Of course if the stairway is supported by securing the stringer to walls on both sides, this cutout depth weakness problem is mitigated or eliminated. More about too-deep stringer notching is in our stair stringer defects article.

• Stair treads can be placed between the stringers and supported by cleats or supported by grooves routed inside the un-notched stringer. If the stair treads are set into grooves routed into the stringer, in a 2x stringer the groove depth should be 1/2 the thickness of the stringer (typically 3/4') and additional support by cleats or by gluing and end-screwing through the stringer sides into the treads is good practice. • Stair treads butted against an un-grooved stringer inner face and then nailed or screwed through the stringer into the stair tread. Watch out: We do not recommend this stair tread approach as too often we find the treads break away from the stringer causing catastrophic stair tread collapse and perhaps serious injuries. If you encounter a stair built this way you should add glued & screwed cleats to support the treads. Reader Question: sagging stairway: is there a code I can check on stair stringer construction?

Rich O said: So, used improper terminology below, believe I should have used 'stringer' versus 'riser', the entire 12' stringer (wood construction) is now deflecting as if a support has failed. Thanks again, Rich My house in Westminster CO is just out of warranty and one of the staircase risers has started to visibly deflect (and squeak) when traversing the stairs. Hamilton Organ Serial Numbers. I've requested the builder take a look, in the meanwhile, is there a specific code I can refer to in order to ascertain if the stair was properly constructed? Thanks, Rich Reply: Model building code specifications for stair support stringers Yes a riser is the vertical board enclosing the space between horizontal walking surfaces, i.e. The stringer is the support for the stairs - it functions as an angled beam and must support both the dead loads and live loads of the building stairway. Let's be clear first that a significant concern with the strength of supporting stair stringers (effectively angle beams) arise because a typical 2x12' (or rarely 2x14') stringer is in some stair designed notched to carry the stair treads on the horizontal notch face and stair risers on the vertical notch face.

My deck stair photo at left shows very deep notching in a stair stringer (as well as multiple other safety hazards and code violations). Less than 2' of lumber was left in this stair stringer 2x after the builder cut his tread notches. Notched stair stringers are widely used and are acceptable if sufficient supporting strength is provided. I prefer to avoid deflection or even collapse problems by using a solid stringer, connecting stair treads to cleats. It's also worth emphasizing that in all cases the connections are as important as the beam strength. The connections of stair stringer to the risen-to platform, of treads to stringer, and of railings and posts are critical for safe stair construction. Those worries out of the way for a moment and assuming your question pertains to a notched stair stringer system that is sagging or deflecting, if a stair stringer is deflecting, depending on the amount, it may be damaged or may have been inadequate to begin with.

For safety, investigate and determine what repair or additional support is needed. Because stringer notch depth for designs that actually notch the 2x12 or 2x14 framing lumber typically used can vary depending on stair design, codes do not specify explicit lumber dimensions. Instead codes typically specify the strength required of the ending design. One may need to increase the number of stringers accordingly. For example the IRC specifies that stairs shall be designed to withstand a live load of 40 pounds - as with a building floor. Individual stair treads shall be designed for the uniformly distributed live load or a 300–pound concentrated load acting over an area of 4 square inches, whichever produces the greater stresses. Before an inspection has been performed we don't know if the deflection of the stair stringer to which you refer is due to damage (rot for example) or a design inadequacy.

But the initial focus must be on the detection of and response to any *immediate safety hazard* such as conditions that could permit a stair collapse, fall, or injury. Here is a model building code citation for stair stringer support requirements for residential stairs using the 2003 IRC. R301.5 Live Load [Specifications for Stair Construction] Minimum required live load for Stairs 40 psf. Individual stair treads shall be designed for the uniformly distributed live load or a 300-pound concentrated load acting over an area of 4 square inches, whichever produces the greater stresses. 301.1.1 Alternative provisions [for supporting stair stringers] As an alternative to the requirements in Section R301.1 the following standards are permitted subject to the limitations of this code and the limitations therein.

Where engineered design is used in conjunction with these standards the design shall comply with the International Building Code. American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA) Wood Frame Construction Manual (WFCM). American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing—Prescriptive Method for One- and Two-family Dwellings (COFS/PM). Stair Support Stringer Analysis & Strength Requirements Code & Study Citations Rich: I wanted to add that in addition to the important Frank Lam (et als) study of stair support stringers, one of the most thoughtful articles I've found on stair stringer design addresses the lack of specificity of stair stringer design in the model codes and provides some helpful engineering analysis and assumptions. See the first stair stringer code and strength requirement citation just below. • Christopher R.

Fournier, P.E., 'Wood Framed Stair Stringer Design & Construction', Structure Magazine, March 2013, p. Fournier is a structural engineer in North Conway NH. His article is available online, retrieved 4/19/14 original source: www.structuremag.org/Archives/2013-3/C-StrucDesign-Fournier-March13.pdf • Aghayere, Abi, and Jason Vigil.

'Introduction: Wood Properties, Species, and Grades.' Structural Wood Design: A Practice-Oriented Approach Using the ASD Method: 1-24. • Aghayere, Abi, and Jason Vigil. Structural Wood Design: A Practice-Oriented Approach Using the ASD Method (2008): i-xii. [See Chapter 27, 'Combined Dead and Live Loads on Stair Stringers'] • Berge, Greg Vanden. Simplified Stair Building.

Greg Vanden Berge, 2012. • De Tennis, Danielle.

'Strength Testing and Analysis of a Stair Header Connection.' PhD diss., Milwaukee School of Engineering, 2010.

• Higgins, Christopher. 'Prefabricated steel stair performance under combined seismic and gravity loads.' Journal of structural engineering 135, no. 2 (2009): 122-129.

• Kourakis, Ioannis, and Shawn Li. 'Design of a Glass Stair.'

In Structures Congress 2010, pp. • Lam, Frank, George Lee, Huijun Yan, Jianzhong Gu, and Ata A. 'Structural performance of wood-based stair stringers.' Forest products journal 54, no. The preceding citations focus on the supporting stringer used in stair construction and on angled beams and strength requirements. For a complete list of stair building codes see the two live links immediately below.

• - Model & actual building codes for stairs, railings, guardrails, landings, risers, treads, and steps • - Specifications for Stairs, railings, guardrails, landings, treads, & steps based on model & actual building codes. Continue reading at for exact procedures for laying out and cutting a stair stringer. Or select a topic from closely-related articles below, or see our complete INDEX to RELATED ARTICLES below.

Or see Suggested citation for this web page at - online encyclopedia of building & environmental inspection, testing, diagnosis, repair, & problem prevention advice. INDEX to RELATED ARTICLES: Or use the found below to Ask a Question or Search InspectApedia. • [3] 'The Elimination of Unsafe Guardrails, a Progress Report,' Elliott O.

Stephenson, Building Standards, March-April 1993 • [4] 'Are Functional Handrails Within Our Grasp' Jake Pauls, Building Standards, January-February 1991 • [5] Access Ramp building codes: • UBC 1003.3.4.3 • BOCA 1016.3 • ADA 4.8.2 • IBC 1010.2 • [6] Access Ramp Standards: • ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act), Public Law 101-336. 7/26/90 is very often cited by other sources for good design of stairs and ramps etc. Even where disabled individuals are not the design target. • ANSI A117.4 Accessible and Usable buildings and Facilities (earlier version was incorporated into the ADA) • ASTM F 1637, Standard Practice for Safe Walking Surfaces, (Similar to the above standard • [7], Mary Roberts Rinehart • [8], Rosemary Kilmer • [9], Lawyers & Judges Publishing, (June 2002), ISBN-10: ISBN-13: 9438 'Falls in the home and public places are the second leading cause of unintentional injury deaths in the United States, but are overlooked in most literature. This book is unique in that it is entirely devoted to falls. Of use to primary care physicians, nurses, insurance adjusters, architects, writers of building codes, attorneys, or anyone who cares for the elderly, this book will tell you how, why, and when people will likely fall, what most likely will be injured, and how such injuries come about. ' • [10] common defects unique to factory built housing, inspection methods • [11] The National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST (nee National Bureau of Standards NBS) is a US government agency - see www.nist.gov • 'A Parametric Study of Wall Moisture Contents Using a Revised Variable Indoor Relative Humidity Version of the 'Moist' Transient Heat and Moisture Transfer Model [copy on file as/interiors/MOIST_Model_NIST_b95074.pdf ] - ', George Tsongas, Doug Burch, Carolyn Roos, Malcom Cunningham; this paper describes software and the prediction of wall moisture contents.

- PDF Document from NI • [12], Second Edition, Gary M. Harvey Cohen,A.

Abele, ISBN-13: 978-1-933264-01-1 or ISBN 10: 1-933264-01-2, available from the publisher, Lawyers ^ Judges Publishing Company,Inc., www.lawyersandjudges.com sales@lawyersandjudges.com and also from the (Amazon.com) • [13], Gary M. Harvey Cohen, Jon R. Abele, Alvin S. Hyde, Cindy A. LaRue, Lawyers and Judges Publishing; ISBN-10: ISBN-13: 9011 • [14] The Stairway Manufacturers' Association, (877) 500-5759, provides a pictorial guide to the stair and railing portion of the International Residential Code. • 120 Carlton Street Suite 407, Toronto ON M5A 4K2. Tel: (416) 964-9415 1-800-268-7070 Email:.

The firm provides professional & &. Alan Carson is a past president of ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors. Thanks to Alan Carson and Bob Dunlop, for permission for InspectAPedia to use text excerpts from The Home Reference Book & illustrations from The Illustrated Home.

Carson Dunlop Associates' provides extensive home inspection education and report writing material. • illustrates construction details and building components, a reference for owners & inspectors.

Special Offer: For a 5% discount on any number of copies of the Illustrated Home purchased as a single order Enter INSPECTAILL in the order payment page 'Promo/Redemption' space. • to manufacturer's model and serial number information for heating and cooling equipment, useful for determining the age of heating boilers, furnaces, water heaters is provided by Toronto - Carson Dunlop Weldon & Associates Special Offer: Carson Dunlop Associates offers InspectAPedia readers in the U.S.A. A 5% discount on any number of copies of the Technical Reference Guide purchased as a single order. Just enter INSPECTATRG in the order payment page 'Promo/Redemption' space. •, Carson Dunlop & Associates, Toronto, Ontario, 25th Ed., 2012, is a bound volume of more than 450 illustrated pages that assist home inspectors and home owners in the inspection and detection of problems on buildings.

The text is intended as a reference guide to help building owners operate and maintain their home effectively. Field inspection worksheets are included at the back of the volume. Special Offer: For a 10% discount on any number of copies of the Home Reference Book purchased as a single order. Enter INSPECTAHRB in the order payment page 'Promo/Redemption' space. InspectAPedia.com editor Daniel Friedman is a contributing author. Or choose the for PCs, Macs, Kindle, iPad, iPhone, or Android Smart Phones.

Special Offer: For a 5% discount on any number of copies of the Home Reference eBook purchased as a single order. Enter INSPECTAEHRB in the order payment page 'Promo/Redemption' space. Building inspection education & report writing systems from • - protocol ASTM Standard E 2018-08 for Property Condition Assessments • including home study & live classes at eleven colleges & universities. • - ASHI@Home Training 10-course program. Special Offer: Carson Dunlop Associates offers InspectAPedia readers in the U.S.A.

A 5% discount on these courses: Enter INSPECTAHITP in the order payment page 'Promo/Redemption' space. InspectAPedia.com editor Daniel Friedman is a contributing author. • manages business operations,scheduling, & inspection report writing using Carson Dunlop's knowledge base & color images. The Horizon system runs on always-available cloud-based software for office computers, laptops, tablets, iPad, Android, & other smartphones.